As I look back on my time in ECS 410, I can now see how little I knew about assessment coming into this class. When I first entered this course in Janurary, I thought that I had a handle on the ideas of diagnostic and formative assessments, and hoped this course would help me to learn more about the ideas around summative assessment. I assumed the course would help me learn about how to mark and how to write a test, both important skills for becoming a teacher. However, I come away from this course with more questions about the ideas than I started with. This is not bad thing! In fact I am extremely happy that this course has allowed me to think more about implications of assessment, and how we can be equitable in assessment when we have students with such varied backgrounds.
For me, I found that my philosophy around assessment only really started to formulate in this course. For some reason I had never thought about assessment, and the theories around it, before coming here. If anything, I thought assessment was things such as tests or the writing of essays. I have come to understand that such activities are actually evaluations. One of the big ideas that I learned early on in this course was that an assessment is a way of seeing what students understand, and the teacher then using this information to influence their teaching. Assessments can be something as simple as a hand gesture a student shows you, to a quiz, to a worksheet. An evaluation is used at the end of a unit, and it is used to see what the students have learned. This can be something like a final test or an essay. It is also important to note, an evaluation can be an assessment because a teacher can use the results of a test to see what students understand, and can then influence the teachers practice.Another way to think of it is that an evaluation is an assessment “of learning”, while an assessment can be used “for or as learning.”
This rethinking of what assessment is was a major change for me. I had always thought of assessment in a classroom as something that was very formal. Assessment had to look like students working on a set of questions, handing those in, and then marking these assignments. Now, I can see that something as simple as having students raise their hands or not can be a form of assessment. This shows a teacher right away where their students are at with a skill, and what needs to be done there after.
Many of the ideas we spoke about in the class I agreed with pretty easily. I agreed that our assessment should be more student centered, and that we should try to give students opportunities to show their learning in ways that they feel they can best show. One specific piece I can point to for changing my ideas about assessment came from the Classroom Experience videos we watched for class. When I first started watching these videos, I was skeptical. I had seen a small piece of the video before, the part about the Popsicle sticks, for a previous ECS class. I was pretty against the idea of calling out students at random to answer questions. It just didn’t seem fair to me to call on students if they are not prepared, and I thought that it could lead to students feeling like they are stupid if they could not answer the questions. However after watching the entire documentary, I found many of the ideas the presenter had actually made a lot of sense. One such idea was that a teacher should be providing feedback over grades to their students. As someone who hopes to teach high school English, this idea really spoke to me. I hope to be able to teach students about writing and how they can become better writers. A great way to do this is to provide feedback to their students, and to then have their students use this feedback to better their work. As well, watching the video showed me certain things about how to provide feedback. The feedback that is provided to students should not be overwhelmingly positive or negative; it should highlight what the student has done well, and what they can improve on. If the feedback is overwhelmingly positive, a student may rest on their laurels. If the feedback is overly negative, a student may simply give up and not want to try anymore. This is why the feedback we provide should be able to let students feel good about themselves, and still give them areas to improve on.
These ideas are also presented by Kelly Gallagher in the book Teaching Adolescent Writers. In this book, Gallagher writes about how a teacher should have a student write four times before they are evaluated. This allows the teacher to have ample time to provide feedback to their students, and for their students to improve their work, before they are evaluated on this work. As well, Gallagher writes about how he would create the rubrics that he used to evaluate his students based on the feedback he provided. He knew what areas his students struggled with, and what they were doing to improve, so evaluation became easier.
Aside from the video, the other piece of this course I think changed my view of assessment came from the presentation we had about creating rubrics. When the presenter spoke about creating rubrics that are outcome based, and not predicated on numbers, it really opened up the world of rubric making for me. It may sound strange, but it made rubric making easier for me. After hearing about creating rubrics that were centered around an outcome, it let me know that I didn’t need to necessarily fret over the numbers associated with a project, but instead I needed to see whether or not a student reached an outcome. This made the creation of rubrics so much easier for me, and it is a practice that I found myself doing in the field.
Speaking of which, now is probably a good time to transition from what I learned about to how I actually used it in my pre-internship.
THE FIELD
Once I actually entered into the field, I found that my new ideas about assessment didn’t exactly match up to what .was in the field. Though I found myself using assessment everyday in some form or another, whether that be through discussion with students or more formal forms, but there were somethings that just didn’t always work. One of the best examples I can think of relates to the idea of extensive feedback. I had the opportunity to teach Creative Writing 20, and I believed this would be the best chance I would have to use this method with a class. Since the class was filled with students who loved to write, I assumed they would want to hand in their writing to me whether or not it was for marks. However, I was very wrong when it actually came to having students getting us assignments. I made it clear to the class from day one of us working on this assignment that there would only be feedback associated with the assignment, no marks. It seemed like once students heard there were no marks associated with the assignment, they no longer cared about it. It was as if as soon as we told them they would not receive a formal grade for their assignment, that they decided it no longer mattered. Students were very slow to hand in their assignments, and in some cases were surprised that we even wanted them to hand it in.
It was at this time that I began to see that my class liked that external motivation of grades, and that is understandable, they were Grade 11 students. They had been in school for a long time, and grades were important to them. However, external motivation was also something I needed when I worked with my Grade 9 ELA class. In that class, they were split into teams and were in competition with one another. Every day there were challenges where their teams could win points, and the winning team received a pizza party at the end of the unit. I found that whenever I assigned points to an activity that the students were much more likely to be engaged with it. In a way, this was disheartening to me. I didn’t want everything that I did in class to be associated with points to get students engaged. I wanted to use different ways to engage my class, but at times I felt boxed in by the competition format.
However, it was also my Grade 9’s I had one my proudest moments in terms of assessment in the field. It was in this class that I was able to create an outcome based rubric for the class. At first, my coop was a little confused seeing a rubric that did not have any numbers associated with it. Eventually, I relented and included numbers on the final rubric, but I still loved making it. After I made the rubric and went through it with my coop, I showed the rubric to the class and went through my expectations with them. I believe doing this was good for the entire class, as they were able to get a good idea of what I was expecting from them before I had them do the assignment (it was a Character Profile for a Romeo and Juliet character). The completed rubric can be found below.
Character Profile Rubric
Developing (0-2) | Progressing(3-4) | Meeting (5-6) | Established (7-8) | |
Visual
(8 marks) |
The student has presented a picture that is not a clear depiction of the character. This image may be like a stick figure drawing.
As well if the student decided to make a digital image, it is clear that the student simply took an image from the Internet and did not attempt to create their own image. |
A clear, original picture of the character the student wishes to depict.The picture may be either handdrawn or created digitally, but it is clear this was created by the student. However, the student may not have included colour or shading to the picture. | A clear, original picture of the character the student wishes to depict, that includes eye-catching elements such as colour or shading. The picture may either be hand drawn or created digitally, if the student so wishes. | The student has provided a detailed picture of the character the student wishes to depict. The image includes innovative use of colour and shading, and the student uses these elements to enhance their image. The picture may be either hand drawn or created digitally, if the student so wishes. |
Selected Quote
(4 marks) |
There is no quote provided. | Included with the visual, the student has presented a quote from the play. However, this quote may not provide any insight into the character.
As well, the student has not provided a citation in MLA format. |
Included with the visual, the student has presented a quote from the play. This quote will either be: a) a quote spoken by the character, or b) a quote that describes the character. With this quote, there will also be a proper citation presented in MLA format. | Included with the visual, the student has presented a quote from the play that shines new insight into the character. This quote will be either: a) a quote spoken by the character, or b) a quote that describes the character. The quote will be cited in MLA format. |
Descriptive Paragraph
(8 marks) |
The student has presented a paragraph about their character that is incoherent and vague. There is no evidence of organization of the piece, and the paragraph contains little in the way of biographical information about the character.
None of the descriptions in the piece are supported in the play, and there has not been an attempt to include a quote in MLA format. The piece contains frequent spelling and grammar errors. |
The student has presented a descriptive paragraph about their character. However, at times this paragraph can become unclear and vague. There is some organization of the piece, but only has some pieces of biographical information about the character.
Some of the descriptions the student has used are textually supported, but others are not. Also, the student has not included a quote from the play presented in MLA format. The piece contains occasional spelling or grammar errors. |
The student has presented a clear, concise, descriptive paragraph about their character. There is evidence of organization of the piece, and includes biographical information about the character and more descriptive elements. This can include at least one point about the character’s physical description and at least two points about the character’s importance to the plot. This can include who the character has relationships with and what actions they are involved in.. All of the descriptions used are supported by the text.
As well, the student has included at least one quote from the play presented in MLA format. The piece contains minimal spelling or grammar errors. |
The student has presented a concise descriptive paragraph that shows their understanding of the character. There is evidence of organization in the piece, and there are multiple forms of biographical information provided.
All of the students descriptions of the character are supported by the text. There are multiple quotes included in the paragraph, and all of the quote are presented in MLA format |
In the end, I found myself mostly relying on the traditional assessment strategies that I was used to from when I was when school when I was in the field. This was a little disappointing for me, as we have spoken so much about student centered assessment this semester. I wanted to try and use these in the field, but I ended my just going back to what I was comfortable with when I went to the field. In particular, I used a lot of observation of the students as a tool of assessment. A lot of the time, I would watch what the students were doing and try to figure out what the students understood based on these observations. If there is one area I would like to improve for my internship, it is to use a wider variety of assessment strategies when I go back to the field.
Where will I go from here?
Obviously, I have a lot more to learn about assessment for when I go back into the field for my internship. In particular, I would like to learn more about inquiry based learning and what this actually looks like. At time I was confused by the idea of inquiry. I didn’t know if inquiry went students were free to do whatever they like for a project as long as it met the outcomes, or if it just went student choice about what they are learning? The reason I ask is because the two descriptions have very different connotations. The first area is very student based, with students having almost all the control over what they are doing, while the second still has a great amount of teacher control, as a teacher can create a project and let students select the topic. What makes the first area inquiry and the second not? How can teachers keep control over the first scenario? These are areas I would like to learn more about as I enter the internship. Also, I want to continue to learn about how to use a wide variety of assessment strategies in the classroom. In my three-week block, I found myself using only a few assessment strategies repeatedly. I would like to learn how I can use a variety of assessment strategies. Doing this will help to keep my classroom continuously fresh and interesting.
It is because of this ECS 410 class that I have been able to create ideas about assessment. Though I do not believe that assessment is in anyway easy, I now can see that assessment is one of the most vital parts of education and it is because of this class that I am able to understand how assessment affects teaching. There are three key learnings I have taken from this class that will impact my teaching:
1) there needs to be assessment everyday in a class
2) feedback is key for student improvement
3) what our students are learning should be key when we are creating rubrics
The last two points will have the greatest impact on my teaching. This is because I hope that my classes would not be so focused on student grades, but have student learning and improvement at the core.